[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.hebi.cz\/objev-gravitacnich-vln-je-nyni-podporen-primou-detekci\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.hebi.cz\/objev-gravitacnich-vln-je-nyni-podporen-primou-detekci\/","headline":"Objev gravita\u010dn\u00edch vln je nyn\u00ed podpo\u0159en p\u0159\u00edmou detekc\u00ed","name":"Objev gravita\u010dn\u00edch vln je nyn\u00ed podpo\u0159en p\u0159\u00edmou detekc\u00ed","description":"Detekce gravita\u010dn\u00edch vln p\u0159edch\u00e1z\u00ed mo\u017enosti s\u00a0gravitac\u00ed manipulovat a m\u016f\u017ee to m\u00edt dalekos\u00e1hl\u00fd dopad na technick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj lidstva. Prozat\u00edm jsou ov\u0161em k\u00a0dispozici jen detektory gravita\u010dn\u00edch vln, detektor LIGO nap\u0159. dok\u00e1zal zmapovat pohyb gravita\u010dn\u00ed vlny p\u0159i sr\u00e1\u017ece dvou prazvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch kosmick\u00fdch \u00fatvar\u016f \u2013 \u010dern\u00fdch d\u011br. P\u0159ipome\u0148me si jednoho z\u00a0nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u011bdc\u016f 20. stolet\u00ed, Alberta Einsteina. Ten ve sv\u00e9 teorii...","datePublished":"2025-06-28","dateModified":"2025-06-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.hebi.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.hebi.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1aa4d33840e2afc29128e2a456d425ca0d17b173c888af2db652b1d34fe6f93d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1aa4d33840e2afc29128e2a456d425ca0d17b173c888af2db652b1d34fe6f93d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"hebi.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.hebi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a308646_w2276_t1519738119.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.hebi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a308646_w2276_t1519738119.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.hebi.cz\/objev-gravitacnich-vln-je-nyni-podporen-primou-detekci\/","wordCount":485,"articleBody":"Detekce gravita\u010dn\u00edch vln p\u0159edch\u00e1z\u00ed mo\u017enosti s\u00a0gravitac\u00ed manipulovat a m\u016f\u017ee to m\u00edt dalekos\u00e1hl\u00fd dopad na technick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj lidstva. Prozat\u00edm jsou ov\u0161em k\u00a0dispozici jen detektory gravita\u010dn\u00edch vln, detektor LIGO nap\u0159. dok\u00e1zal zmapovat pohyb gravita\u010dn\u00ed vlny p\u0159i sr\u00e1\u017ece dvou prazvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch kosmick\u00fdch \u00fatvar\u016f \u2013 \u010dern\u00fdch d\u011br.P\u0159ipome\u0148me si jednoho z\u00a0nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u011bdc\u016f 20. stolet\u00ed, Alberta Einsteina. Ten ve sv\u00e9 teorii relativity p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dal existenci gravita\u010dn\u00edho vln\u011bn\u00ed ji\u017e p\u0159ed necel\u00fdmi sto lety. Princip gravitace toti\u017e spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v\u00a0tom, \u017ee se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed prostorem podobn\u011b jako sv\u011btlo nebo zvuk, ale nejedn\u00e1 se o radia\u010dn\u00ed vyza\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, n\u00fdbr\u017e o deforma\u010dn\u00ed, prostorov\u00e9 z\u00e1chv\u011bvy. V\u00a0polovin\u011b 70. let 20. stolet\u00ed se v\u011bdc\u016fm poda\u0159ilo poskytnout alespo\u0148 nep\u0159\u00edmou formu d\u016fkazu gravita\u010dn\u00edch vln skrze matematick\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dty a tento krok byl pat\u0159i\u010dn\u011b ocen\u011bn Nobelovou cenou.\tDetektor LIGODnes jsou v\u0161ak v\u011bdci na dal\u0161\u00edm stup\u00ednku pozn\u00e1n\u00ed existence a principu fungov\u00e1n\u00ed vesm\u00edru. Dnes se toti\u017e gravita\u010dn\u00ed vlny nejen po\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed, ale p\u0159\u00edmo zachycuj\u00ed a m\u011b\u0159\u00ed. Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se jmenuje p\u0159\u00edzna\u010dn\u011b Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (zkratka LIGO). Jde o soustavu dvou na sob\u011b nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch detektor\u016f, kter\u00e9 vz\u00e1jemn\u011b potvrzuj\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed jeden druh\u00e9mu. Prvn\u00ed je um\u00edst\u011bn v\u00a0Livingstone v\u00a0americk\u00e9m st\u00e1t\u011b Louisiana a druh\u00fd pracuje ve st\u00e1t\u011b Washington v\u00a0m\u011bst\u011b Hanford. Jsou to interferometry ve tvaru dvou na sebe kolm\u00fdch \u010dty\u0159metrov\u00fdch trubek o pr\u016fm\u011bru 100 cm. Uvnit\u0159 trubek se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed interference laserov\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, resp. jeho pulsy po odrazech na konc\u00edch obou ramen.\tNov\u00e9 okno do Vesm\u00edruGravita\u010dn\u00ed vln\u011bn\u00ed je velice zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed proces, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m se v\u00a0r\u00e1mci \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed prostorem jeden sm\u011br prodlu\u017euje a druh\u00fd sm\u011br smr\u0161\u0165uje. To se pr\u00e1v\u011b projev\u00ed ve zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed a prodlou\u017een\u00ed d\u00e9lek ramen interferenc\u00ed po odrazu laserov\u00e9ho paprsku. Vyrobit takov\u00fd detektor v\u0161ak nebylo technicky provediteln\u00e9 je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika des\u00edtkami let, nebo\u0165 se jedn\u00e1 o m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed velmi nepatrn\u00fdch d\u00e9lek, \u0159\u00e1dov\u011b s\u00a0p\u0159esnost\u00ed n\u011bkolik tis\u00edcin polom\u011bru protonov\u00e9ho atomov\u00e9ho j\u00e1dra.M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed gravita\u010dn\u00edch vln je po\u010d\u00e1tek nov\u00e9 epochy v\u00fdzkumu vesm\u00edru, dosud v\u011bdci zam\u011b\u0159ili pozornost v\u00fdhradn\u011b na r\u016fzn\u00e9 formy elektromagnetick\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed pohybu neutrin, schopnost m\u011b\u0159it gravita\u010dn\u00ed vln\u011bn\u00ed je tedy dal\u0161\u00edm pomysln\u00fdm oknem do vesm\u00edru, o kter\u00fdch kdysi hovo\u0159il RNDr. Ji\u0159\u00ed Grygar, CSc. v\u00a0popul\u00e1rn\u00edm televizn\u00edm po\u0159adu z\u00a080. let s\u00a0n\u00e1zvem Okna vesm\u00edru doko\u0159\u00e1n.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.3\/5 - (11 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Objev gravita\u010dn\u00edch vln je nyn\u00ed podpo\u0159en p\u0159\u00edmou detekc\u00ed","item":"https:\/\/www.hebi.cz\/objev-gravitacnich-vln-je-nyni-podporen-primou-detekci\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]